Países candidatos
| País | Estado | Solicitud | Candidato desde | Negociando desde | Grupos abiertos | Estado (capítulos) | Población (mill.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | en negociación | abr 2009 | jun 2014 | jul 2022 | 6 / 6 | 33 de 33 capítulos abiertos, 4 cerrados | 2,3 |
| Bosnia y Herzegovina | candidato, sin negociaciones todavía | 15 feb 2016 | 15 dic 2022 | – | – / 6 | aún no se ha abierto ningún capítulo | 3,1 |
| Georgia | congelado | 3 mar 2022 | 14 dic 2023 | – | – / 6 | aún no se ha abierto ningún capítulo | 3,9 |
| Moldavia | en negociación | 3 mar 2022 | 23 jun 2022 | 25 jun 2024 | 4 / 6 | 24 de 33 capítulos abiertos, 0 cerrados | 2,4 |
| Montenegro | en negociación | 15 dic 2008 | 17 dic 2010 | 29 jun 2012 | – / 6 | 33 de 33 capítulos abiertos, 21 cerrados | 0,6 |
| Macedonia del Norte | en negociación, parcialmente bloqueada | 22 mar 2004 | 16 dic 2005 | jul 2022 | 0 / 6 | 0 de 33 capítulos abiertos, 0 cerrados | 1,8 |
| Serbia | en negociación, parcialmente bloqueada | 22 dic 2009 | 1 mar 2012 | 21 ene 2014 | 2 / 6 | 22 de 33 capítulos abiertos, 2 cerrados | 6,5 |
| Turquía | congelado | 14 abr 1987 | dic 1999 | 3 oct 2005 | – / 6 | 16 de 33 capítulos abiertos, 1 cerrados | 85,9 |
| Ucrania | en negociación | 28 feb 2022 | 23 jun 2022 | 25 jun 2024 | 4 / 6 | 24 de 33 capítulos abiertos, 0 cerrados | 39,0 |
| Kosovo | candidato potencial | 15 dic 2022 | – | – | – / 6 | aún no se ha abierto ningún capítulo | 1,6 |
cerradosabiertos, aún no cerradosaún no abiertosSitúe el cursor sobre una barra para ver los recuentos
Albania · en negociación
Último paso (13 oct 2026): Accession conference in Luxembourg provisionally closed Chapter 20 (enterprise and industrial policy), bringing the total to 4 of 33 chapters provisionally closed.
Próximo paso (4 nov 2026): 2026 Enlargement Package with an announced indicative accession roadmap for Albania; government aims to conclude negotiations by end-2027 (ambition, not an EU decision).
All six clusters were opened between 15 Oct 2024 and 17 Nov 2025 (EP); the Commission page gives November or December 2025 for cluster 5. Interim benchmarks for cluster 1 were confirmed as met on 26 May 2026; the Chapter 20 conference is dated 13 or 14 Oct 2026 depending on the source (Commission: 13 Oct). The EP gives 24 Apr 2009 as application date, the Commission only April 2009.
Fuentes: European Commission – Albania country page · European Parliament resolution on the 2025 Commission report on Albania · European Western Balkans – Albania provisionally closes Chapter 20 · New Union Post – Enlargement Package moved to 4 November
investigado el 25 oct 2026 · Capítulos abiertos / cerrados: 13 oct 2026
Bosnia y Herzegovina · candidato, sin negociaciones todavía
Último paso (mar 2026): The Constitutional Court annulled the House of Representatives' decision establishing the chief negotiator's office and gave parliament six months to regulate it; the appointment is a precondition for the first IGC.
Próximo paso: Council adoption of the negotiating framework and first IGC once the steps of the Commission's 2022 recommendation are met (incl. judicial laws, chief negotiator); no date set.
The European Council decided in March 2024 to open negotiations, but the negotiating framework has not been adopted and no IGC has taken place. After the 4 Oct 2026 elections the EU on 6 Oct 2026 urged swift government formation and completion of the outstanding steps.
Fuentes: European Commission – Bosnia and Herzegovina country page · European Parliament resolution on the 2025 Commission report on Bosnia and Herzegovina · EEAS – Joint statement Kallas/Kos on the general elections · European Western Balkans – Constitutional Court calls for law on chief negotiator
investigado el 25 oct 2026
Georgia · congelado
Último paso (6 oct 2026): A Commission working document accompanying the pre-enlargement policy reviews described the accession process as 'de facto halted'; Commissioner Kos called Georgia a candidate 'only on paper'.
Próximo paso (4 nov 2026): Country report in the 2026 Enlargement Package; the suspension of visa-free travel for diplomatic and service passport holders runs until 6 Mar 2027.
The European Council concluded in June and October 2024 that the process is de facto halted; the Georgian government suspended it until 2028 in late 2024. Candidate status has not been formally withdrawn; since 6 Mar 2026 visa-free travel no longer applies to diplomatic, service and official passports.
Fuentes: European Commission – Georgia country page · European Parliament resolution on the 2025 Commission report on Georgia · EEAS – Commission suspends visa-free travel for Georgian diplomatic/service/official passports · JAMnews – EU prepares to expand without Georgia
investigado el 25 oct 2026
Moldavia · en negociación
Último paso (13 oct 2026): Accession conference opened cluster 2 (internal market) and cluster 3 (competitiveness and inclusive growth), together 17 chapters.
Próximo paso (dic 2026): Irish Council presidency aims to open clusters 4 and 5 by December 2026 (announced, not decided); accession roadmap due with the Enlargement Package on 4 Nov 2026.
Opened: cluster 1 on 15 Jun 2026, cluster 6 on 14 Jul 2026, clusters 2 and 3 on 13 Oct 2026; 24 of 33 chapters per New Union Post (5+2+9+8 chapters), no Commission or Council source states the total. The Commission page still lists one opened cluster (outdated). Provisional chapter closures require a positive interim benchmark assessment (IBAR) on cluster 1.
Fuentes: European Commission – Moldova country page · European Western Balkans – Ukraine and Moldova open Fundamentals cluster · European Western Balkans – Ukraine and Moldova open cluster 6 · Brussels Times – Moldova opens internal market and competitiveness clusters · New Union Post – Ukraine and Moldova nine chapters away
investigado el 25 oct 2026 · Capítulos abiertos / cerrados: 13 oct 2026
Montenegro · en negociación
Último paso (12 oct 2026): Accession conference in Luxembourg provisionally closed chapters 17 (economic and monetary policy), 18 (statistics) and 19 (social policy and employment); 21 of 33 in total.
Próximo paso (4 nov 2026): Accession roadmap in the 2026 Enlargement Package; government aims to complete negotiations by end-2026 and join in 2028 (ambition, not an EU decision).
All 33 chapters are open; no cluster count is given because the chapters were opened before the revised methodology. The Commission page still states 16 closed chapters (June 2026 level, also cited by the EP on 17 Jun 2026); 2 more were closed in July and 3 in October. Interim benchmarks for chapters 23/24 were confirmed as met in June 2024.
Fuentes: European Commission – Montenegro country page · European Parliament resolution on the 2025 Commission report on Montenegro · European Western Balkans – Three more chapters closed · New Union Post – Enlargement Package moved to 4 November
investigado el 25 oct 2026 · Capítulos abiertos / cerrados: 12 oct 2026
Macedonia del Norte · en negociación, parcialmente bloqueada
Último paso (17 jun 2026): The European Parliament's resolution on the 2025 report called for the constitutional amendments that would allow the first cluster to open; there has been no new negotiating step on the EU side since July 2022.
Próximo paso: Second IGC and opening of cluster 1 after adoption of the constitutional amendment (inclusion of Bulgarians in the preamble); no date set.
The first IGC took place in July 2022 and screening ended in December 2023, but no cluster has been opened. The blockage concerns the constitutional amendment required by the Council conclusions of 18 Jul 2022; Foreign Minister Mucunski said on 24 Jul 2026 the path remains blocked.
Fuentes: European Commission – North Macedonia country page · European Parliament resolution on the 2025 Commission report on North Macedonia · BTA – Mucunski says North Macedonia's EU path remains blocked
investigado el 25 oct 2026 · Capítulos abiertos / cerrados: 25 oct 2026
Serbia · en negociación, parcialmente bloqueada
Último paso (8 jul 2026): EU ambassadors failed to reach unanimity on opening cluster 3; eight member states opposed despite a renewed Commission recommendation.
Próximo paso: Possible Council decision to open cluster 3 (competitiveness and inclusive growth); recommended by the Commission, no date set.
No cluster or chapter has been opened since December 2021 (cluster 4); the figures 22 opened/2 provisionally closed are the Commission's as of December 2021. On 8 Jul 2026 the Netherlands, Sweden, Finland, Belgium, Estonia, Lithuania, Bulgaria and Croatia opposed cluster 3 (rule of law, non-alignment with sanctions).
Fuentes: European Commission – Serbia country page · Euronews – Eight member states oppose opening of Serbia's next cluster · N1 – Starović: Serbia still blocked on cluster 3
investigado el 25 oct 2026 · Capítulos abiertos / cerrados: dic 2021
Turquía · congelado
Último paso (30 jun 2026): Foreign Minister Fidan met Kallas, Kos and Brunner in Ankara: joint statement on the customs union, SEPA and further high-level dialogues; no step in the accession negotiations.
Próximo paso: Further high-level dialogues (economy, migration, health, science, agriculture) preferably before end-2026; no negotiating step announced.
According to the Council, negotiations have been at a standstill since 2018. Of 16 opened chapters one (science and research) is provisionally closed; the Commission phrases this as '15 open and 1 provisionally closed'. No cluster figure applies, as Türkiye does not negotiate under the 2020 methodology.
Fuentes: European Commission – Türkiye country page · Directorate for EU Affairs (Türkiye) – History of Türkiye-EU relations · European Parliament resolution on the 2025 Commission report on Türkiye · Türkiye MFA – Joint statement, Ankara
investigado el 25 oct 2026 · Capítulos abiertos / cerrados: 9 ago 2024
Ucrania · en negociación
Último paso (13 oct 2026): Accession conference opened cluster 2 (internal market, 9 chapters) and cluster 3 (competitiveness and inclusive growth, 8 chapters).
Próximo paso (dic 2026): Irish Council presidency aims to open clusters 4 and 5 by December 2026 (announced, not decided); accession roadmap due with the Enlargement Package on 4 Nov 2026.
Opened: cluster 1 on 15 Jun 2026 (after Hungary dropped its veto), cluster 6 on 14 Jul 2026, clusters 2 and 3 on 13 Oct 2026; the total of 24 chapters is stated by New Union Post and matches 5+2+9+8. Provisional chapter closures require a positive interim benchmark assessment (IBAR) on cluster 1.
Fuentes: European Commission – Ukraine country page · European Commission – EU opens negotiations with Ukraine on internal market, competitiveness and inclusive growth · European Western Balkans – Ukraine and Moldova open Fundamentals cluster · European Western Balkans – Ukraine and Moldova open cluster 6 · New Union Post – Ukraine and Moldova nine chapters away
investigado el 25 oct 2026 · Capítulos abiertos / cerrados: 13 oct 2026
Kosovo · candidato potencial
Último paso (15 mar 2026): The Commission confirmed in the EP Foreign Affairs Committee that it had released all financial aid for Kosovo blocked under the 2023 measures.
Próximo paso: Council referral of the membership application to the Commission for an opinion; called for by the EP on 17 Jun 2026, no date set.
The application of 15 Dec 2022 has not been referred by the Council to the Commission; five member states do not recognise Kosovo. According to the Commission, the 2023 measures were lifted by March 2026; no formal Council decision on this was found.
Fuentes: European Commission – Kosovo country page · European Parliament resolution on the 2025 Commission report on Kosovo · Beta Briefing – EU measures against Kosovo lifted
investigado el 25 oct 2026